한국생산성학회

This research aims to measure the efficiency on firms in the industrial complex from 2013 to 2015 and evaluate the factors to make an effect to the efficiency scores, using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Tobit regression analysis. The major findings of this study are as follows. The results show that the average efficiency score of the firms located in industrial complex is lower than non industrial complex firms and the primary reason to cause their inefficiency is Technical Efficiency (TE) and Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE). Tobit Regression analysis shows that technical efficiency is higher for non industrial complex firms than for industrial complex firms. Therefore, it can be seen that the efficiency of the companies residing in industrial complexes is rather weaker than that of non-industrial complex firms. Analysis by industry, industrial complex firms are inefficient compared to non industrial complex firms in the manufacturing industry and construction industry. In particular, the longer the workforce and the greater the CEO age, the more negative the effect on the efficiency. This suggests that the synergy among companies has weakened as industrial complexes have become obsolete and time-consuming businesses have diversified. in the case of Namdong and Banwol, firms that are engaged in machinery, electricity, and electronics, which are the main flagship industries, have gradually decreased in accordance with the changes in industrial structure. Instead, the number of simple processing companies such as beverages and foodstuffs has increased, and the number of small sized enterprises, such as construction and wholesale/retail businesses, which do not require technology development, is increasing. Indeed, the proportion of companies with less than 50 employees in 2016 exceeded 95% in the case of the southeast and 96% in the case of the Banwol. In addition, the average number of Korean industrial complexes is 16.3%, compared to 10.8% in Namdong and 13.3% in Banwol. This implies that there is a possibility that industrial complex firms lose their competitiveness compared to non-industrial complex firms due to the decrease in the role and effect of industrial complexes, encourage the departure of competent industrial complex firms and leading companies, and accelerate the weakening of competitiveness. This study is the first attempt to analyze efficiency and analyze the determinants of industrial complex firms. In particular, efficiency is compared and distinguished by type of industry and presence of industrial complexes. As a result, it is necessary to review the roles and functions of industrial complexes.